Adaptive trial recruitment and allocation

Track enrollment and changing assignments

Not every adaptive design changes allocation probabilities. If allocation can change, prespecify how, when and for whom, and retain the probability and rule version for each epoch.

Flow diagram

Adaptive trial recruitment and allocationF1.S1Define eligibility and recruitmentF1.S2Specify initial randomizationF1.S3Define permitted allocation changesF1.S4Track assignment epochsF1.S5Preserve allocation auditabilityF1.N1Adaptive allocation epochsEpochEligible armsAllocation ruleTriggerVersionInitialallocationPermittedadaptationPost-adaptationF1.N2Assumptions and rationaleF1.N3Method and protocol evidenceF1.S0 Start flowAdaptive trial recruitment andallocationF1.S999 End flowEnd flow

Steps

Define eligibility and recruitment

Specify enrollment rules and baseline assessments.

Specify initial randomization

Record allocation probabilities, concealment and stratification.

Define permitted allocation changes

Link any changes to the prespecified adaptation plan and version.

Track assignment epochs

Retain the rule, eligible arms and allocation probability used for each epoch.

Preserve allocation auditability

Document operational implementation and prevent access to restricted interim information.

Adaptive trial recruitment and allocation

End flow

Tables and supporting information

Adaptive allocation epochs

Adaptive allocation epochsEpochEligible armsAllocation ruleTriggerVersionInitialallocationPermittedadaptationPost-adaptation

Fixed allocation remains an option; response-adaptive allocation is not assumed.

Assumptions and rationale

Only prospectively permitted adaptations belong in the design; changing probabilities can affect analysis and operational bias.

Method and protocol evidence

Attach the protocol, methodological sources and versioned software specification supporting these decisions. Record citations and provenance; do not enter participant identifiers.

Sources